Ubuchule bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa amandla aphantsi buqhuba utshintsho kushishino
Phantsi kwempembelelo ephindwe kabini yenjongo yehlabathi yokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni kunye nokuvuselelwa kolwazi lwabathengi ngokusingqongileyo, ishishini le-touch microswitch lidlula kutshintsho oluluhlaza. Abavelisi basabela ngokukhutheleyo kwisikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo kunye neemfuno zemarike ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha, uphando kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji enamandla aphantsi, kunye noyilo olunokurisayikilishwa, okukhawulezisa inkqubela phambili yeshishini ukuya kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Ziqhutywa yimigaqo-nkqubo kunye namandla emarike, iimfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ziye zaba yinto ephambili kweli shishini
Ngokwe "Isicwangciso se-14 seMinyaka emihlanu soLondolozo lwaMandla oLwakhiwo kunye noPhuhliso lweZakhiwo eziLungileyo", ngo-2025, iTshayina iya kube igqibile ukuhlaziya ulondolozo lwamandla kwizakhiwo ezingama-350 ezigidi zeemitha zesikwere zezakhiwo ezikhoyo kwaye yakha ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-50 zeemitha zesikwere zezakhiwo ezisebenzisa amandla aphantsi kakhulu. Le njongo inyanzelise onke amakhonkco kuluhlu lwemizi-mveliso ukuba atshintshe, kwaye intsimi yezinto ze-elektroniki ayihlukile. "Isicwangciso sokuSebenza soKhuthazo lokusetyenziswa okuLungileyo" esikhutshwe yiKhomishini yoPhuhliso noHlaziyo yeSizwe sicacisa ngakumbi ukuba isabelo semarike seemveliso eziluhlaza kunye nezinekhabhoni ephantsi kufuneka sandiswe kakhulu, kwaye ulondolozo lwamandla kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kube zizibonakaliso eziphambili zokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kumashishini.
Kwicala lemarike, ukhetho lwamaqela abathengi abancinci kwiimveliso eziluhlaza luye lwanda kakhulu. Idatha ibonisa ukuba abasebenzisi abanokubakho bezithuthi ezintsha zamandla phakathi kwezizukulwana emva kweminyaka yama-80 kunye neyasemva kweminyaka yama-90 bangaphezulu kwesiqingatha, kwaye izinga lokukhula kwentengiso yezixhobo zasekhaya ezonga amandla lidlule i-100%. Le ngcamango yokusebenzisa "yokufuna ukusebenza kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo" iqhube abavelisi ukuba badibanise uyilo oluluhlaza kulo lonke umjikelo wobomi bemveliso.
Uyilo lwezinto ezintsha
Iiswitshi zemveli zixhomekeke kakhulu kwiintsimbi kunye neengxowa zeplastiki, ezibeka umngcipheko wokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kunye nongcoliseko. Kule mihla, abavelisi baye badlula kule ngxaki ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezintsha:
1. Izixhobo ze-elektroniki eziguquguqukayo kunye neePolymers eziqhubayo: Izixhobo eziguquguqukayo zivumela iiswitshi ukuba zilungelelane nezixhobo zomphezulu ogobileyo, zinciphisa ubunzima besakhiwo; IiPolymers eziqhubayo zithatha indawo yoqhagamshelwano lwesinyithi, zinciphisa umngcipheko we-oxidation kwaye zandise ubomi.
2. Izinto ezinokubola: Umzekelo, i-nanogenerator ye-triboelectric esekwe kwilaphu lomqhaphu eyenziwe yiWuhan Textile University, esebenzisa izinto ezivuselelekayo ezifana ne-chitosan kunye ne-phytic acid, idibanisa ukubambezeleka komlilo kunye nokubola, inika izimvo ezintsha zoyilo lwezindlu zokutshintsha.
3. Uyilo lweCandelo elinokuRiskenwa: I-microswitch ye-magnetic induction yeJiuyou Microelectronics inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwesinyithi ngesakhiwo esingenanxibelelwano, okwenza kube lula ukuziqhekeza nokuziphinda-phinda, kwaye inciphisa ukuveliswa kwenkunkuma ye-elektroniki.
Itekhnoloji yokusebenzisa amandla aphantsi
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla luphawu oluphambili lokukhusela okusingqongileyo kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki. Thatha iJiuyou Microelectronics njengomzekelo. I-microswitch yayo ye-magnetic induction ithatha indawo yoqhagamshelwano lwemveli lwe-mechanical ngemigaqo yolawulo lwe-magnetic, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngaphezulu kwama-50%. Ifanelekile ngokukodwa kwiimeko ezisebenzisa ibhetri ezifana nezindlu ezikrelekrele, yandisa kakhulu ubomi bebhetri yezixhobo. Isisombululo se-Wi-Fi single-wire intelligent switch esasungulwa yi-Espressif Technology samkela i-chip ye-ESP32-C3, enokusetyenziswa kwamandla okulinda kwe-5μA kuphela, ukusombulula ingxaki yokutsha kwesibane okubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kwizisombululo zendabuko.
Ukongeza, i-nanogenerator ye-triboelectric ephendula ubushushu (TENG) eyenziwe yiTianjin Polytechnic University inokutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo indlela yayo yokusebenza ngokweqondo lobushushu elingqongileyo, iqala kwi-0℃ ize icime kwi-60℃, ifezekise ukwabiwa kwamandla ngexesha elifunekayo kwaye inike ugqozi oluvela kumda wolwazi kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kwiiswitshi.
Uhlalutyo lweTyala
I-microswitch ye-magnetic induction ekhutshwe yiJiuyou Microelectronics ngo-2024 yimeko yokulinganisa kushishino. Iingenelo zayo eziphambili ziquka:
Uyilo olungenakunxibelelana: Ngokutshintsha uqhagamshelwano lomzimba ngomgaqo wokungenisa amandla ngemagnethi, ukuguguleka kuyancitshiswa kwaye ixesha lokuphila liyandiswa kathathu;
Ukuhambelana okuqinileyo: Iiphini zombane ezintathu ziyahambelana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo, zixhasa iimeko ezifana nekhaya elikrelekrele kunye nokuzisebenzela kwemizi-mveliso;
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi: Igcina amandla angama-60% xa kuthelekiswa nokutshintsha kwendabuko, inceda izixhobo zesiphelo ukuba zandise ubomi bebhetri.
Le teknoloji ayithobeli nje kuphela imigangatho yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ye-EU RoHS, kodwa ikwanciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiintsimbi ezinqabileyo kwaye yehlisa umngcipheko wekhabhoni kwikhonkco lokubonelela, okwenza kube ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo wokuvelisa izinto eziluhlaza.
Imbono yexesha elizayo
Njengoko inkqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwekhabhoni iphucuka kancinci kancinci, amashishini kufuneka asebenzise iingcamango zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kulo lonke uthotho, ukusuka kwizixhobo, imveliso ukuya ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona. Iingcali zicebisa ukuba ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokukhuthaza ezifana "neekhredithi zekhabhoni", abathengi kufuneka bakhuthazwe ngakumbi ukuba bakhethe iimveliso eziluhlaza. Ubuchule bamashishini afana neJiuyou kunye ne-Espressif bubonisa ukuba ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokusebenza kwawo akuchasani - iimveliso ezinokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ubomi obude kunye nokuhambelana okuphezulu ziba zezona zithandwayo zintsha kwimarike.
Kunokubonwa kwangaphambili ukuba utshintsho oluluhlaza kwishishini le-touch microswitch luya kukhawulezisa ukungena kwalo kulo lonke uthotho lwemizi-mveliso, lukhuthaze ishishini lemveliso ye-elektroniki ukuya "kwikamva elingenakhabhoni".
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-29-2025
